accurlex-mcp-server
MCP server for accurLex Chinese legal AI — legal Q&A, contract review, law lookup, document drafting
0Tools
16Findings
Mar 24, 2026Last Scanned
6 critical · 7 high · 2 medium · 1 low findings detected
Security Category Deep Dive
Prompt Injection
Prompt & context manipulation attacks
69
Maturity
14
Rules
5
Sub-Categories
1
Gaps
64%
Implemented
56
Tests
1
Stories
100%3 rules
Injection via tool descriptions and parameter fields
GAP-001Prompt Injection Coverage GapMissing detection coverage for emerging prompt injection attack variants not addressed by current rules
100%4 rules
Hidden instructions via external content and tool responses
100%2 rules
Context window saturation and prior-approval exploitation
100%3 rules
Payload hiding via invisible chars, base64, schema fields
50%2 rules1 found
Injection via prompt templates and runtime tool output
Findings16
6critical
7high
2medium
1low
Critical6
criticalQ13MCP Bridge Package Supply Chain AttackMCP10-supply-chainAML.T0054
Pattern "["']@modelcontextprotocol/sdk["']\s*:\s*["'](?:\^|~|\*|latest)" matched in source_code: ""@modelcontextprotocol/sdk": "^" (at position 22232)
MCP bridge packages (mcp-remote, mcp-proxy, @modelcontextprotocol/sdk, fastmcp) are high-value supply chain targets — CVE-2025-6514 (CVSS 9.6) in mcp-remote affected 437,000+ installs. Always pin exact versions (no ^ or ~ ranges). Use lockfiles (package-lock.json, pnpm-lock.yaml, uv.lock). Never run `npx mcp-remote` without version pinning. Verify package integrity with `npm audit` or `pip-audit` before deployment. Reference: CVE-2025-6514, OWASP ASI04.
criticalK14Agent Credential Propagation via Shared StateMCP05-privilege-escalationAML.T0054
Pattern "(process\.env|os\.environ|setenv|putenv).*(?:token|credential|api[_\s-]?key|secret|password)" matched in source_code: "process.env.ACCURLEX_BEARER_TOKEN" (at position 1009)
Never write credentials to shared agent state. Use credential vaults (HashiCorp Vault, AWS Secrets Manager) with per-agent scoped access. Implement OAuth token exchange (RFC 8693) for cross-agent authorization. Redact credentials from all agent outputs before writing to shared memory. Required by OWASP ASI03/ASI07 and MAESTRO L7.
criticalC1Command InjectionMCP03-command-injectionAML.T0054
Pattern "`[^`]+`" matched in source_code: "`Unknown tool: ${name}`" (at position 5991)
Replace exec()/execSync() with execFile() and pass arguments as an array, never as a string. Validate all inputs against an allowlist before use in any shell context. For subprocess.run, always pass a list and shell=False.
criticalL9CI/CD Secret Exfiltration PatternsMCP07-insecure-configAML.T0057
Pattern "(?:fetch|axios|request|http\.post|urllib|requests\.post).*(?:process\.env|os\.environ|env\[)" matched in source_code: "REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS = Number(process.env" (at position 688)
Never print, log, or transmit CI environment variables containing secrets. Use GitHub Actions '::add-mask::' to prevent accidental secret exposure in logs. Audit all third-party Actions for secret access patterns. Use OIDC tokens instead of long-lived secrets where possible. Restrict secret access to specific workflow jobs and steps. Monitor CI logs for base64-encoded strings.
criticalO5Environment Variable HarvestingMCP04-data-exfiltrationAML.T0057
Pattern "(?:fetch|axios|request|http|https|got|superagent|urllib|httpx).*(?:process\.env|os\.environ|getenv)" matched in source_code: "REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS = Number(process.env" (at position 688)
Never enumerate the entire process environment. Read only the specific environment variables your tool needs by name (e.g., process.env.DATABASE_URL, not process.env). Never return environment variable values in tool responses. Never send environment variable values in outbound HTTP requests. Use a secret management system (HashiCorp Vault, AWS Secrets Manager) instead of environment variables for credentials.
criticalK8Cross-Boundary Credential SharingMCP05-privilege-escalationAML.T0054
Pattern "(return|respond|output|result).*(?:token|credential|api[_\s-]?key|secret|password|bearer)" matched in source_code: "Returns JWT token and account info. The token" (at position 4462)
Never forward, share, or embed credentials across trust boundaries. Use OAuth token exchange (RFC 8693) to create scoped, delegated tokens instead of passing original credentials. Never include credentials in tool responses. Required by ISO 27001 A.5.17 and OWASP ASI03.
High7
highQ14Concurrent MCP Server Race ConditionMCP07-insecure-configT1068
Pattern "(?:read|write|modify|delete).*(?:file|path|directory)(?!.*(?:lock|mutex|semaphore|flock|atomic))" matched in source_code: "readLocalTextFile(String(args.style_file" (at position 9895)
MCP servers sharing filesystem or database backends with other servers must implement proper concurrency controls. Use: (1) file locking (flock/lockfile) for filesystem operations, (2) database transactions for all read-modify-write sequences, (3) atomic file operations (O_EXCL, mkdtemp) instead of check-then-create, (4) lstat() to detect symlinks before following (CVE-2025-53109). Never assume exclusive access to shared resources — other MCP servers may be operating concurrently.
highC3Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)MCP04-data-exfiltrationAML.T0057
Pattern "\bfetch\s*\(\s*(?:req|request|input|param|params|args|url|uri|href|link|target|destination|endpoint|host|address|resource|src|source|location|proxy|callback|userUrl|user_url|externalUrl|external_url|redirectUrl|redirect_url)" matched in source_code: "fetch(url" (at position 14513)
Validate ALL user-supplied URLs before making HTTP requests:
1. Parse the URL and check the hostname against an explicit allowlist of permitted domains.
2. Block requests to RFC 1918 private ranges: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, 192.168.0.0/16.
3. Block loopback (127.0.0.0/8), link-local (169.254.0.0/16), and IPv6 equivalents.
4. Block file:// and other non-http(s) protocols explicitly.
5. Disable automatic redirect following, or re-validate each redirect destination.
6. In cloud environments: block requests to IMDS endpoints (169.254.169.254,
metadata.google.internal) at both the application AND network layer.
Example (Node.js): Use the `ssrf-req-filter` package or implement URL validation
against an allowlist before calling fetch/axios/got.
highD1Known CVEs in DependenciesMCP08-dependency-vuln
Dependency "@modelcontextprotocol/sdk@1.9.0" has known CVEs:
Update dependencies to versions that patch known CVEs. Run 'npm audit fix' or 'pip-audit' to identify and resolve vulnerable dependencies.
highK13Unsanitized Tool OutputMCP02-tool-poisoningAML.T0054
Pattern "(?:return|respond|result).*(?:readFile|read_file|fs\.read)(?!.*(?:sanitize|escape|encode|strip))" matched in source_code: "return await fs.readFile" (at position 19325)
Sanitize all external data before including in tool responses. Implement output encoding that neutralizes prompt injection patterns. Truncate excessively long content. Validate structure before passing database results. Apply the principle: treat all external data as untrusted, even in tool outputs. Required by CoSAI MCP-T4.
highK16Unbounded Recursion / Missing Depth LimitsMCP07-insecure-configAML.T0054
Pattern "function\s+(\w+).*\{[^}]*\1\s*\((?!.*(?:depth|level|limit|max|count|recursi))" matched in source_code: "function fetchWithTimeout(url, options) {
const controller = new AbortController();
const timeoutId = setTimeout(() => controller.abort(), REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS);
try {
const response = await fetch(" (at position 14313)
Add explicit depth/recursion limits to all recursive operations. Use iterative approaches where possible. Set maximum depth for directory walking (max_depth=10), tree traversal (max_level=20), and agent re-invocation (max_calls=5). Implement circuit breakers that halt after N iterations. Required by EU AI Act Art. 15 (robustness) and OWASP ASI08.
highK18Cross-Trust-Boundary Data Flow in Tool ResponseMCP04-data-exfiltrationAML.T0054
Pattern "(?:process\.env|os\.environ|config|settings).*(?:fetch|axios|http|post|send|webhook)" matched in source_code: "Configured(BILLING_PHONE, 'ACCURLEX_BILLING_PHONE is required. Register at http" (at position 6889)
Implement data flow taint tracking: tag data from sensitive sources (databases, credentials, files) and prevent it from flowing to external sinks (HTTP, webhooks, email) without explicit sanitization/redaction. Apply data classification and enforce boundary controls per trust level. Required by ISO 27001 A.5.14 and CoSAI MCP-T5.
highJ5Tool Output Poisoning PatternsMCP01-prompt-injectionAML.T0054
[AST — J5] Catch block at L610 interpolates error variable "error" into response. If the error originates from attacker-controlled input (e.g., malformed data), the error message becomes an injection vector into the AI's context.
Never include user input or LLM manipulation directives in error messages or tool responses. Use structured error codes.
Medium2
mediumC6Error LeakageMCP09-logging-monitoring
Pattern "catch\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\{[^}]*(?:throw|return).*(?:err|error)\.(?:message|stack)" matched in source_code: "catch (error) {
throw withCode(new Error(`Failed to read file: ${resolvedPath} (${error.message" (at position 19377)
Return generic error messages to clients. Log detailed errors server-side. Never expose stack traces, file paths, or internal error details in responses.
mediumK17Missing Timeout or Circuit BreakerMCP07-insecure-configAML.T0054
Pattern "(?:fetch|axios|got|request|urllib|httpx|http\.get|http\.post)\s*\((?!.*(?:timeout|signal|AbortSignal|deadline|cancel))" matched in source_code: "fetch(" (at position 14513)
Add timeouts to ALL external calls: HTTP requests (30s), database queries (10s), subprocess execution (60s), and MCP tool calls (30s). Implement circuit breakers that open after N consecutive failures (e.g., opossum, cockatiel). Use AbortSignal for cancellable operations. Required by EU AI Act Art. 15 and OWASP ASI08.
Low1
lowF4MCP Spec Non-ComplianceMCP07-insecure-config
Server fails MCP spec compliance checks: required:server_name; required:server_version; required:protocol_version; recommended:tool_descriptions; recommended:parameter_descriptions
Follow the MCP specification for server metadata. Include server name, version, and protocol version. Provide descriptions for all tools and parameters.